Prehistory: Possessions by evil spirits.Lifetime prevalence: The % of people who have had the disorder at one time during their lives.Incidence: The number of new cases in a specific period of time.Prevalence: the % of people that have the disorder in a certain period.May provide insight as to why some mental illnesses occur in a given society.The study of the prevalence of mental illness in a society.Belief that lifestyles, cultural values, and worldviews affect expression and determination of abnormal behavior.Assumption that origins, processes, and manifestations of mental disorders are the same across cultures.Behavior cannot be a socially expectable response to a particular event- such as death of a friend.inability to fulfill personal, professional functions Clinical significance- The behavior involves measurable degrees of impairment- e.g.The extent to which a given behavior is abnormal in terms is assessed by the 4 factors.Certain behaviors were considered abnormal in previous historical times.Examples: Hallucinations, delusions, disorientation.Certain behaviors are judged abnormal in most situations.Most definitions of abnormality use some form of statistical average.Is it possible that a given behavior is a reaction to stressor rather than response to common stressorįor Major Factors Used to Determine abnormality.What criteria are to be used in assessing symptoms?.Is it possible to have a mental disorder without any signs of distress or discomfort?. When is a syndrome or pattern of behavior significant enough to have meaning?.DSM definition is quite broad and raises questions.“a behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that reflects an underlying psychobiological dysfunction, is associated with distress or disability, and is not merely an expectable response to common stressors or losses.”.It lists all the currently agreed –upon mental disorders and criteria for diagnosis.We are currently using the new 5th edition ( 2013).Most widely used classification system of mental disorders. Psychologists use theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM.Therapy: program of systematic intervention aimed at improving a person’s behavioral, affective (emotional), or cognitive state.She could have escaped- why hasn’t she?. Duggart that was abducted at age 11 and was kept captive for 18 years
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